Introduction The rapid growth of telecommunications infrastructure has led to the widespread installation of telecommunication masts, significantly improving mobile network coverage and connectivity. However, concerns regarding the potential health risks associated with living near these telecommunication infrastructures have arisen. Numerous studies have linked proximity to telecommunication masts with health issues such as headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. In this study, the perceived health effects of telecommunication masts in Abeokuta South Local Government Area (LGA), Nigeria, were assessed, focusing on the relationship between mast proximity and residents' perceived health effects. Materials and Methodology This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining geospatial analysis with a social survey. Geospatial data were collected using handheld GPS devices to map telecommunication mast locations. A survey was administered to 294 residents living at varying distances (5m, 10m, and 15m) from telecommunication masts, focusing on health effects such as headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbances, and other symptoms commonly associated with electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure. Geospatial analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of telecommunication masts in the study area, and statistical analyses, including one-sample t-tests and ANOVA, were performed to examine the relationship between proximity and perceived health effects. Results and Discussion The geospatial analysis revealed an uneven distribution of telecommunication masts, with concentrations in specific areas such as Sapon, Isabo, Kuta, and Panseke. The statistical analysis assessing residents' perceptions of health effects showed that those living within 5 meters of the masts reported the highest frequency of perceived health effects, including headaches and noise/vibrations. However, further statistical tests examining differences in perceived health effects across the three proximity distances (5m, 10m, and 15m) indicated no significant variation in the perceived health effects across these distances. This suggests that while residents living closer to the masts may report more frequent symptoms, the differences are not statistically significant. Conclusion This study revealed a disconnect between public perception and scientific findings regarding the health effects of telecommunication masts. Despite scientific evidence indicating no significant health risks at distances of 10 meters or more, residents within these ranges continue to express concerns about their safety. The findings highlight the need for improved public engagement and communication regarding the safety standards of telecommunication infrastructure. Keywords: Telecommunication Masts, Proximity, Perceived Health Effects, Geospatial Analysis, Public Perception.
ATTAH T. O, ABUBAKAR S.A